Assesment of the risk management for various types of disasters: impact and sustainability

Abstract

Disaster management and crisis action planning play a primary role in disaster avoidance, mitigation response, and recovery. According to the research, effective disaster management is largely dependent on the efforts of emergency response organizations. There are disaster risk management problems concerning the communication process, the development of coordination, and the exercise of authority. This paper will overview and asset the risk management for various types of disasters which are classified into five main parts: Geophysical, Hydrological, Climatological, Meteorological, and Biological. Biological disasters are two types in origin namely, Calamities which are produced in crops by certain animals, and pandemics which are caused by the spread of infectious diseases among large numbers of people, and this kind of crisis creates new risks that needed to be identified. The investigation in this research will identify the risk concept that comes from natural disasters and prepare the plans and set priorities to respond effectively where and when needed, by implementing the risk assessment. However, the similarities are significant concerning the health, social, economic, and environmental aspects of all types of disasters, COVID-19 pandemic was the complete opposite from an environmental and social point of view i.e., but highly affected the death rate and urban health.