Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Charging of Electric Vehicles and its Influence on Microgrid Operations, from the Perspective of Electric Vehicle Utilization

Abstract

This work deals with a general description of the functioning of the vehicle-to- grid system, which can be used in the operation of electric vehicles within a microgrid network. To describe the impact of electric vehicle operation, a residential network with installed renewable sources, in the form of photovoltaic power plants, was chosen. Important input data for the simulation included the initial and final states of charge (SoC) of the vehicles and the daily load profile applied within the residential area. The simulation of microgrid behavior, with six different deployment scenarios of sources and loads in terms of energy supply and consumption confirmed the significant impact of energy- supplying vehicles, on the overall power balance of the microgrid. Based on the simulation, threshold states were identified where the production of the PV system and vehicles in V2G mode, was significant enough to cover the entire consumption of the studied network. Consequently, further investigation into the influence of such connected vehicles, is necessary for the optimal operation of microgrids.