Estimation of Vertical Forces and Track Degradation Considering, Wheel-Rail Interaction, Railway Traffic Severity and Seasonal Conditions

Abstract

Investigation of train speed, axle load and environmental conditions impact on the vertical forces that are exerted on railway tracks is an actual railway track condition monitoring issue. Authors studied this problem by focusing on the dynamic interaction between the wheels and rails. The researchers considered how seasonal temperature variations, track irregularities and rail vehicle weight influence force distribution, potentially leading to the rail degradation and safety risks. Using both experimental data and advanced diagnostic tools, such as optical sensors and correlation analysis, measured vertical forces across varying conditions, including different speeds (30-80 km/h) and axle loads, under summer and winter conditions, are made. The summer time results revealed that higher train speeds, especially with loaded wagons, caused significant increases in dynamic vertical forces (up to160 kN). In winter, the snow and ice accumulation on rails contribute to track irregularities and noticeably influence the force variability, particularly at higher speeds. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights for optimizing railway infrastructure management, particularly in adjusting for seasonal and train operational circumstances. It is concluded that advanced monitoring of vertical forces and rail conditions, along with purposive maintenance strategies, is essential for reducing rail track degradation and ensuring essential safety train operations.